柯慧敏,朱日芃,龚静华,马敬红
KE Hui-min,ZHU Ri-peng,GONG Jing-hua,MA Jing-hong

• 1:东华大学纤维材料改性国家重点实验室材料科学与工程学院

摘要(Abstract)：

选择了有机磷系和磷氮协同两种不同的无卤阻燃剂与溶剂型PU进行共混制备无卤阻燃PU,对其力学性能、阻燃性能及耐碱性能进行了系统研究。结果发现:相较于磷氮协同阻燃剂(SN-605),采用有机磷系阻燃剂(JL-30)改性PU显示出更好的阻燃性能与耐碱性能;当阻燃剂质量分数为11.1%时,阻燃PU的LOI可以达到29.1%,垂直燃烧测试达到V-0级;并且具有较好的耐碱性能,在90℃、30 g/L NaOH溶液中碱处理40 min后,其LOI仍然可以达到28.7%,垂直燃烧测试等级没有下降;但两种阻燃剂的加入均会使PU的抗张强度出现不同程度的下降。此外,热失重测试(TG)显示,两种阻燃PU的阻燃机制不同,JL阻燃剂的加入使PU的热分解温度降低,并且在800℃时的残炭量没有明显增加,呈现明显的气相阻燃机制;而SN阻燃剂的加入使PU的残炭量明显增加,呈现明显的凝聚相阻燃机制。
Two halogen-free flame retardants including organophosphorus type(JL-30) and phosphorus-nitroge synergistic type(SN-650) were blended with solvent-based PU to prepare halogen-free flame retardant PU, and the mechanical properties, flame retardant properties and alkali resistance of the flame retardant PU were studied systematically. The results show that compared to the phosphorus-nitroge synergistic flame retardant(SN-650), the modified PU with organophosphorus flame retardant(JL-30) has better flame retardant performance and alkali resistance. When the content of JL-30 is 11.1%, the LOI value of the flame retardant PU is 29.1%, the vertical burning test can reach V-0 level. Moreover, it also has excellent alkali resistance. The LOI value remains at 28.7% and the vertical burn level has not decreased after the alkali treatment in 30 g/L NaOH solution at 90 ℃ for 40 min. However, the addition of two flame retardants causes the decline in the tensile strength of PU. In addition, the thermogravimetric test(TG) shows that the flame retardant mechanism of these two flame retardant PUs is different. The addition of JL flame retardant reduces the thermal decomposition temperature of PU, and the carbon residue at 800 ℃ does not increase significantly, showing an obvious gas phase flame retardant mechanism. The addition of SN flame retardant significantly increases the carbon residue of PU, showing a clear condensed phase flame retardant mechanism.

关键词(KeyWords)： 聚氨酯;无卤阻燃;超纤革;耐碱性;热分解
polyurethane;halogen-free flame retardant;superfine fiber leather;alkali resistance;thermal decomposition

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation):

作者(Author): 柯慧敏,朱日芃,龚静华,马敬红
KE Hui-min,ZHU Ri-peng,GONG Jing-hua,MA Jing-hong

DOI: 10.16090/j.cnki.hcxw.2020.01.001

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