王豆,张辉,刘瑾姝
WANG Dou,ZHANG Hui,LIU Jin-shu

• 1:西安工程大学纺织科学与工程学院

摘要(Abstract)：

以纯水为反应介质,在高温、高压条件下对涤纶进行水热处理,探讨了反应温度和反应时间对涤纶拉伸、表面摩擦、热收缩、直径和密度的影响规律,使用声速取向测量仪、扫描电镜、热重分析仪和红外光谱仪对涤纶的取向度、表面形貌、热学性能和分子结构进行了表征。结果表明:涤纶经过水热处理之后,断裂强度有所减小,断裂伸长率有所增大;反应温度越高、时间越长,对断裂强度和断裂伸长率的影响越显著;涤纶静、动摩擦因数先减小后增大;随着反应时间的延长,纤维收缩率逐渐增大;纤维直径和密度有不同程度的增大;水热处理使得涤纶发生部分水解,取向度有所减小,表面形貌和热稳定性能没有明显变化。
The polyester fiber was treated with pure water under high temperature and high pressure conditions. The effects of reaction temperature and reaction time on the tensile, surface friction, thermal shrinkage, diameter and density of polyester fiber were investigated. The orientation, morphology, thermal properties and molecular structure of polyester fiber were also characterized by means of sound velocity orientation measuring instrument, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analyzer and infrared spectrometer. The results show that the tensile strength of the polyester fiber decreases, while the elongation at break increases with the increase of reaction temperature or reaction time. The higher the reaction temperature or the longer the reaction time, the more seirous the tensile strength and elongation at break of the polyester fiber are subjected to. The static and dynamic friction coefficients of the fiber decrease first and then increase. The fiber shrinkage increases with increase of reaction time. The fiber diameter and density increase to some degrees. When the polyester fiber is partially hydrolyzed after hydrothermal treatment, the degree of orientation decreases, but the surface morphology and thermal stability have no significant change.

关键词(KeyWords)： 涤纶;水热处理;结构;性能
polyester fiber;hydrothermal treatment;structure;property

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 中国纺织工业联合会科技指导性项目(2017040);; 陕西省“三秦学者”(2017)基金支持

作者(Author): 王豆,张辉,刘瑾姝
WANG Dou,ZHANG Hui,LIU Jin-shu

DOI: 10.16090/j.cnki.hcxw.20181214.009

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